Method 1 — Relative value
EV/GP/RG = EV ÷ (Gross Profit × Fwd Revenue Growth %)
Three weighted metrics produce a score and a tier (A, B, or C):
- EV/GP/RG — enterprise value against gross profit scaled by forward growth. Below 0.20 is the compounding zone.
- Adjusted OCF proxy — how the market values the gross-profit stream relative to its cash earnings power.
- Rule of 40 — forward revenue growth plus EBITDA margin; 40 or above passes the quality gate.
Hard rules: negative EBITDA, no gross profit, or negative forward growth caps a company at Tier C, whatever the other numbers say.
Method 2 — Cash-flow value & margin of safety
MoS% = [(Average Intrinsic Value − Price) ÷ Price] × 100
Two parallel two-stage discounted-cash-flow models — one on operating cash flow,
one on free cash flow — are averaged into a single intrinsic value per share, then
compared with the market price:
- +40% or more — strong undervaluation
- +20% to +40% — meaningful undervaluation
- +5% to +20% — modest undervaluation; selective, quality businesses only
- 0% to −5% — fairly valued
- Below −5% — overvalued on this method
If a company produces no cash flow, the model honestly returns roughly zero — which means the framework cannot value it, not that it is worthless.
The golden rule: a company must score well on both methods
to earn a high-conviction ranking. A strong Method 1 with a negative margin of safety
is a warning; a positive margin of safety with a weak Method 1 is a reason to pause.
We publish the disagreements, not just the agreements.
Try the arithmetic yourself
The same formulas, live. Enter a company's figures — from its filings or our reports —
and see the three headline numbers our publications lead with.
EV / GP / RG
—
Lower is cheaper growth.
Rule of 40
—
Growth + EBITDA margin.
Margin of safety
—
Intrinsic value vs. price.
Illustrative tool only. Outputs follow the interpretation bands published in our
framework; they are not a recommendation to buy or sell any security.